What is the difference between champagne and sparkling wine?

All champagne is sparkling wine, but not all sparkling wine is champagne. Champagne is a province in France famous for its namesake wine. Appellation rules require that Champagne can only be made using Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Meunier grapes. Sparkling wine produced in United States, Spain or Italy can not be called Champagne, because it was not produced in Champagne, France and does not follow specific rules that govern the champagne production.